As dog owners, one of our main responsibilities is ensuring our pets feel secure, loved, and comfortable—even when they’re alone. Unfortunately, not all dogs find this independence easy, and for some, it’s a source of genuine distress.
This distress, commonly known as separation anxiety, is a behavioural issue that can deeply affect our dogs’ quality of life. Dogs with separation anxiety may experience feelings of loneliness, panic or agitation when left alone. Understanding the signs, causes, and ways to cope with separation anxiety in dogs can help us support our dogs through these stressful periods.
In this guide, we’ll look at ways to manage separation anxiety in dogs so that both you and your furry friend can have more relaxed, peaceful days.
What Is Separation Anxiety in Dogs?
Separation anxiety is a condition where dogs experience intense distress when separated from their owners. It’s not just a mild upset but a deep, overwhelming emotional reaction that can lead to destructive behaviour, excessive barking, and other concerning actions.
Common signs of separation anxiety in dogs include:
If these symptoms sound familiar, don’t worry. You’re not alone. Many dog owners face this same challenge, and with a little effort and understanding, it’s possible to help your dog feel more secure and reduce these symptoms over time.
Causes and Risk Factors for Separation Anxiety
There’s no single cause of separation anxiety in dogs, but several factors can increase the risk. Knowing these risk factors can help us stay alert to the signs and take proactive measures to cope with separation anxiety in dogs early on.
Many times, it’s related to major life changes, like a move to a new home, a change in routine, or the addition or loss of a family member. Dogs who haven’t been well-socialised or who have experienced traumatic situations may also be more susceptible.
Some breeds may be more predisposed to separation anxiety, particularly high-energy or highly social breeds that bond closely with their humans. But remember that any dog, regardless of breed, can experience anxiety based on their unique temperament and past experiences.
Diagnosing Separation Anxiety
Diagnosing separation anxiety isn’t always straightforward, as some symptoms may overlap with other behavioural or health issues. The best approach is to start by consulting with your veterinarian to rule out any physical causes. If no medical issues are found, they may refer you to an animal behaviourist or certified trainer who can assess your dog’s behaviour more closely.
Desensitisation and Gradual Independence Training
Once you’ve confirmed that your dog has separation anxiety, you can start gradual desensitisation. This technique used to cope with separation anxiety in dogs involves exposing your dog to short periods of alone time and slowly increasing it as they become more comfortable. The goal here is to teach your dog that being alone is a safe, normal experience and is not something to fear.
Start by leaving your dog alone for just a few minutes, even if it’s just a quick trip outside. Over time, extend this period by a few more minutes at a time.
It’s important to keep these departures and returns calm and low-key. Dramatic goodbyes or enthusiastic hellos can reinforce their anxiety. When you stay calm, you’re signalling to your dog that leaving and returning is nothing to get excited—or stressed—about.
Establishing a Consistent Routine
Dogs thrive on routine, so having regular feeding times, designated play hours, and specific departure times can help reduce their anxiety and make them feel more secure. They’ll begin to predict and understand when you’re coming and going, which eases the worry associated with unpredictable departures.
When building a routine, make sure to include daily exercise and playtime to burn off excess energy. A tired dog is often a calmer dog, so try taking your dog for a brisk walk or a game of fetch before leaving. They’ll be less likely to become restless or anxious when it’s time for you to go.
Ensuring Mental and Physical Stimulation
Physical activity isn’t the only type of stimulation dogs need. Mental exercise can be equally helpful in reducing anxiety by keeping their minds engaged and distracted.
Incorporate puzzle toys, scent games, or short training sessions throughout the day. Not only will this help prevent boredom, but it also builds their confidence and reduces restlessness.
For pet owners with busy schedules, dog daycare can also provide much-needed stimulation and socialisation. By spending the day with other dogs and caring staff, your dog can enjoy companionship and activity rather than feeling lonely at home. If daycare is an option for you, we recommend checking out local facilities to see if they’re a good fit for your dog’s temperament and needs.
Making Alone Time a Positive Experience
Creating a positive association with alone time is an important element of managing separation anxiety. This can be done by giving your dog something enjoyable to focus on, such as a treat-filled toy or a puzzle that takes time and concentration.
Only bring out the toy or puzzle when you leave. By associating your departure with something positive, they’re less likely to focus on your absence and more on their engaging activity. More importantly, your dog may begin to perceive your departure as a cue for play and enjoyment rather than stress.
Avoiding Overly Emotional Departures and Arrivals
It’s natural to want to shower your dog with affection when leaving or returning, but these displays can reinforce their anxiety. Overly emotional farewells can make departures feel like a big, anxiety-provoking event, while enthusiastic greetings can make their wait feel that much longer and more intense.
Instead, keep your departures and arrivals casual and calm. This can help your dog see alone time as a normal, non-stressful part of their day.
Helping Your Dog Adjust to Routine Changes
If you’ve been working from home and are preparing to return to the office, or if your schedule is about to change, it’s better to start preparing your dog early. Practice leaving them for gradually longer periods, even if you’re just sitting outside. This way, they won’t be overwhelmed when the routine changes.
When you leave, consider providing a soft item like a blanket or a shirt with your scent on it. This can provide comfort and reassurance to your dog while you’re gone.
Choosing a Dog Boarding Kennel or Daycare Facility
If you travel frequently or are planning a trip, choosing a dog boarding kennel that is calm, offers plenty of mental and physical stimulation, and offers personalised care can make a significant difference for dogs with separation anxiety.
Look for a dog boarding facility with experienced staff who can handle the unique needs of anxious dogs and provide a calming, secure environment. And consider taking your dog for a short stay or a “trial day” at the kennel beforehand to help them get used to the new environment. This can ease their anxiety by familiarising them with the place before a longer stay. When it’s time to leave your dog for a longer period, you might find that dog boarding or daycare options help maintain consistency and reduce anxiety by providing a stable, social environment.
If boarding isn’t an option, in-home pet sitters or friends can be great alternatives, as they offer a familiar setting that may be less stressful for your dog.
Seeking Professional Help and Treatment Options
If your dog’s anxiety persists despite these methods, it may be time to consult a professional. Animal behaviourists and trainers can work with you to develop a tailored training plan and assess your dog’s progress.
In some cases, veterinarians may recommend anti-anxiety medications as a temporary aid. While medications are not a cure, they can complement training and help your dog relax while they adjust to their new routines.
Remember, patience and consistency are still key to making gradual progress. Working with professionals only ensures that you’re using the most effective, humane techniques to help your dog manage their separation anxiety.
Small Efforts, Big Improvements
To cope with separation anxiety in dogs, create a stable, reassuring environment for them. While there’s no instant solution, small efforts can lead to big improvements. With time, you’ll find that your dog can handle alone time better, and you’ll both experience more peace of mind.
